Many thanks to: Taxpayers of the United States of America, the Juno, STEREO, WIND Spacecraft Teams, the Panetary Data System Team, Prof. Dr. Kazumasa Imai Kochi National College of Technology Kochi Japan, Trinity College Dublin Ireland Astrophysics Group, United States NOAA SWPC, NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory Teams, Lockheed Martin Solar Laboratory, SOTERIA Project
With many thanks, Victor Herrero-Arrieta acknowledges the Nançay Radio Observatory / Unité Scientifique de Nançay of the Observatoire de Paris (USR 704-CNRS, supported by Université d’Orléans, OSUC, and Région Centre in France) for providing access to NDA observations accessible online at http://www.obs-nancay.fr
Many thanks to: Taxpayers of France, French Air Force, Nancay Decametric Array Team at the Nancay Radio Astronomy Station of Paris Observatory.
More on this subject:
http://herrero-radio-astronomy.blogspot.com/2018/02/sun-earth-jupiter-20180205.html
http://herrero-radio-astronomy.blogspot.com/2017/12/sun-earth-jupiter-20171223.html
http://herrero-radio-astronomy.blogspot.com/2017/10/sun-earth-jupiter-20171021.html
http://herrero-radio-astronomy.blogspot.com/2017/09/sun-earth-jupiter-20170926.html
http://herrero-radio-astronomy.blogspot.com/2017/08/sun-earth-jupiter-20170831.html
http://herrero-radio-astronomy.blogspot.com/2015/08/links-to-monthly-sun-earth-jupiter-posts.html?m=1
------------------------------
Introductory Radio Astronomy links:
http://herrero-radio-
Jupiter:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Magnetosphere of Jupiter:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Kurth et al. 2017, "The Juno Waves Investigation" 46 page pdf:
https://link.springer.com/
Connerney et al. 2017, "The Juno Magnetic Field Investigation" 100 page pdf:
https://link.springer.com/
Links to Juno Waves and LWA1 Jupiter spectra:
http://herrero-radio-
Links to Sun Earth Jupiter posts:
http://herrero-radio-
------------------------------
Flux computation example , Nancay Decametric Array :
25 MHz , 100 data units , source in beam axis
calibrated with 50.71 dB 300 kelvin calibrator , ~ 165 data units
Flux = NoiseTemperature*Boltzman/
NoiseTemperature = 10^(DataUnits*0.046) kelvin
Boltzman = 1.38E-23 joule/kelvin
Bandwidth = 1E5 hertz
EffectiveArea at 25MHz ~ 3.3E3 meter^2
area is proportional to cosine^2(angle from line of sight to antenna axis) , antenna axis point to 20 degrees south of zenith
Flux = 3.98E4*1.38E-23/1E5/3.3E3 = 1.66E-27 watt/hertz/meter^2
------------------------------
Jupiter:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Magnetosphere of Jupiter:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Kurth et al. 2017, "The Juno Waves Investigation" 46 page pdf:
https://link.springer.com/
Connerney et al. 2017, "The Juno Magnetic Field Investigation" 100 page pdf:
https://link.springer.com/
Links to Juno Waves and LWA1 Jupiter spectra:
http://herrero-radio-
Links to Sun Earth Jupiter posts:
http://herrero-radio-
------------------------------
Flux computation example , Nancay Decametric Array :
25 MHz , 100 data units , source in beam axis
calibrated with 50.71 dB 300 kelvin calibrator , ~ 165 data units
Flux = NoiseTemperature*Boltzman/
NoiseTemperature = 10^(DataUnits*0.046) kelvin
Boltzman = 1.38E-23 joule/kelvin
Bandwidth = 1E5 hertz
EffectiveArea at 25MHz ~ 3.3E3 meter^2
area is proportional to cosine^2(angle from line of sight to antenna axis) , antenna axis point to 20 degrees south of zenith
Flux = 3.98E4*1.38E-23/1E5/3.3E3 = 1.66E-27 watt/hertz/meter^2
------------------------------
1:
2:
3:
4:
5: Cycle 24 seen at 10.7 cm - the weakest solar cycle in 70 years !!
6: The Maunder 70 year sunspot number minimum- 1645 to 1715 :(
From Fig 38, Hathaway 2015 "The Solar Cycle", many thanks
The Sun is a mystery inside an enigma !!
Study also: "Leif Svalgaard's Research Page" http://www.leif.org/research/
7:
8:
9: About the latitude distribution of sunspot area centroids during solar cycles
From Fig 31, Hathaway 2015 "The Solar Cycle", many thanks
Generally more than 20 degrees at the beginning, less than 10 degrees at the end
10:
11:
12:
About the beginning and end of Solar Cycle 24
Please read also:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Studying the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory (Penticton British Columbia Canada) 10.7 cm adjusted monthly average radio flux, I find December 2008 had 66.89 solar flux units (1E-22 watt/hertz/meter^2):
http://www.spaceweather.ca/
It was the lowest adjusted monthly average flux during the cycle 23 to 24 transition period.
I declare December 2008 is my beginning of cycle 24, because I prefer a Radio Astronomy method rather than sunspot method :)
If cycle 24 is an exactly 11 year cycle, I expect it will end December of 2019, using my 10.7 cm flux criterion.
---
4:
5: Cycle 24 seen at 10.7 cm - the weakest solar cycle in 70 years !!
6: The Maunder 70 year sunspot number minimum- 1645 to 1715 :(
From Fig 38, Hathaway 2015 "The Solar Cycle", many thanks
The Sun is a mystery inside an enigma !!
Study also: "Leif Svalgaard's Research Page" http://www.leif.org/research/
7:
8:
9: About the latitude distribution of sunspot area centroids during solar cycles
From Fig 31, Hathaway 2015 "The Solar Cycle", many thanks
Generally more than 20 degrees at the beginning, less than 10 degrees at the end
10:
11:
12:
About the beginning and end of Solar Cycle 24
Please read also:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Studying the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory (Penticton British Columbia Canada) 10.7 cm adjusted monthly average radio flux, I find December 2008 had 66.89 solar flux units (1E-22 watt/hertz/meter^2):
http://www.spaceweather.ca/
It was the lowest adjusted monthly average flux during the cycle 23 to 24 transition period.
I declare December 2008 is my beginning of cycle 24, because I prefer a Radio Astronomy method rather than sunspot method :)
If cycle 24 is an exactly 11 year cycle, I expect it will end December of 2019, using my 10.7 cm flux criterion.
---